![]() The researchers found 73 clusters of proteins that were linked to more than one trait or disease, a phenomenon known as pleiotropy. Through 'guilt-by-association', the interacting proteins can also sometimes be excellent therapeutic targets. Therefore, if a protein is known to be involved in a disease, knowing which partners it interacts with provides information about the function it has in a cell. Proteins that interact with each other will likely be involved in the same biological processes. ![]() Using this interactome, they identified groups of proteins interacting with genes that have been linked through GWAS to over 1,000 human traits from 21 therapeutic areas. In this new study, published in the journal Nature Genetics, researchers created a network of interacting proteins – or an interactome – combining evidence from different sources, including EMBL-EBI's IntAct database, Reactome, and Signor. To determine how those genes contribute to disease, we need to understand the function of the proteins they encode and link specific biological processes to diseases. Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) help us establish the genetic basis of disease by linking specific genes to diseases. They are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues, and are often the target of drugs or therapies. Proteins are molecules that do most of the work in our cells and are made following blueprints encoded in genes. By helping to understand how biological processes affect human traits and diseases, this work will prioritize new targets for drug discovery and identify drug repurposing opportunities. Scientists at Open Targets, EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), and GSK are revealing the shared basis of diseases using a map of interacting human proteins.
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